Proliferation of Mouse Prostate Cancer Cells Inflamed by Trichomonas vaginalis

Our objective was to investigate whether inflammatory microenvironment induced by Trichomonas vaginalis infection can stimulate proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro and in vivo mouse experiments. The production of CXCL1 and CCL2 increased when cells of the mouse PCa cells (TRAMP-C2 cell line) were infected with live T. vaginalis. T. vaginalis-conditioned medium (TCM) prepared from co-culture of PCa cells and T. vaginalis increased PCa cells migration, proliferation and invasion. The cytokine receptors (CXCR2, CCR2, gp130) were expressed higher on the PCa cells treated with TCM. Pretreatment of PCa cells with antibodies to these cytokine receptors significantly reduced the proliferation, mobility and invasiveness of PCa cells, indicating that TCM has its effect through cytokine-cytokine receptor signaling. In C57BL/6 mice, the prostates injected with T. vaginalis mixed PCa cells were larger than those injected with PCa cells alone after 4 weeks. Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and cyclin D1 in the prostate tissue injected with T. vaginalis mixed PCa cells increased than those of PCa cells alone. Collectively, it was suggested that inflammatory reactions by T. vaginalis-stimulated PCa cells increase the proliferation and invasion of PCa cells through cytokine-cytokine receptor signaling pathways.

Prevalence of Trichomoniasis by PCR in Women Attending Health Screening in Korea

Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually-transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. There are few reports on the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of trichomoniasis by PCR in Guri city, Korea. All adult women who visited Hanyang University Guri Hospital for health screening within the National Health Care Service were invited to participate in the study, and 424 women were enrolled between March and June 2011. PCR was used to detect Trichomonas vaginalis using primers based on a repetitive sequence cloned from T. vaginalis (TV-E650). Fourteen women (3.3%) were found to have T. vaginalis. All were over 50, and they were significantly older on average than the 410 Trichomonas-negative women (mean ages 63.4 vs 55.3 years). It seems that T. vaginalis infection is not rare in women receiving health screening, especially among those over 50.

Blood coagulation changes in laparoscopic gastrectomy: morbid obese vs normal patients

BACKGROUND: Patients with morbid obesity have higher risk of fatal thromboembolic episodes than non-obese patients. We aimed to identify perioperative changes in blood coagulation for the patients undergoing bariatric surgery and compare thromboelastography (TEG) findings with non-obese patients. METHODS: 24 patients with morbid obesity (group B) and 22 patients with stomach cancer (group S) who undergoing laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery were prospectively studied. Laboratory coagulation-related tests and TEG were conducted immediately after anesthetic induction (T0), at 2 hours after surgical incision (T1), and 2 hours after the end of surgery (T2). RESULTS: Group B had higher serum lactate, fibrinogen, maximum amplitude in TEG findings, and shorter activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) than group S at T0 (P < 0.05). In group B, serum fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) at T2 and base deficit at T1 and T2 were higher, and aPTT was shorter than those at T0 (P < 0.05). R-time and k-time showed gradual shortening toward T2. alpha-angle at T1 and coagulation index at T2 increased significantly from those at T0 in the group B (P < 0.05). However, group B failed to show any significant differences from the group S in TEG and coagulation-related laboratory findings except platelet count and serum fibrinogen level at T1 and T2. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperatively, morbidly obese patients had more activated coagulation profiles than non-obese patients. However, remarkable perioperative changes in TEG findings could not be definitely observed between two groups.

Self Care Behavior according to the Risk of Vascular Complications in Elderly Women with Hypertension / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine self care behaviors according to the risk levels of vascular complications in elderly women with hypertension. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 162 women living in the community who had been diagnosed with hypertension in clinics. The data were analysed by the SPSS 10.0 program using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA with Scheff. post-hoc test. RESULTS: The average self care behavior score of the elderly women was 2.79. Total self care behavior was significantly different depending on the risk levels of vascular complications such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ankle-brachial index, and the framingham point score. Among sub-scores of self care behaviors, exercise management was the poorest performance compared with other self care behaviors. CONCLUSION: This study proved the differences in self care behaviors according to the risk levels of vascular complications. To decrease the prevalence of vascular complication, it is necessary to develop programs specifically to enhance self care behaviors of elderly women with hypertension.

A Path Analysis Model of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test a hypothetical model of health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure. The hypothetical model was derived from the Wilson and Cleary's model, the Rector's model, and published research findings. METHODS: Data from 103 patients with heart failure were analyzed to determine the best multivariate health-related quality of life model given variables derived from the prior studies. The statistics programs SPSS 12.0 and LISREL 8.7 program were used for descriptive statistics and covariance structure analysis respectively. RESULTS: The overall fitness of the path final model was good(GFI=.97, AGFI=.95, NNFI=1.06, NFI=.96, p=.96). Symptoms were directly affected by gender. HYHA Class was directly affected by only gender. Physical functioning limitation was directly affected by exercise. Health perception was directly affected by economics, symptom, and physical functioning limitation. Depression was directly affected by exercise and health perception. Heath-related quality of life was directly affected by physical functioning limitation and depression, indirectly affected by gender, economics, exercise, symptoms, NYHA Class, and health perception. This path analysis model explained 51% of health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure. CONCLUSION: To improve of health-related quality of life with heart failure patients, it is necessary to make nursing interventions for physical functioning and depression.

Tension-free Herniorrhaphy Using PerFix(R) Plug: A Follow-up Report

BACKGROUND: Since the mid-1990s, PerFix(R) plug hernioplasty has become one of the mainstays of hernia surgery. We previously reported the preliminary results of the PerFix(R) plug hernioplasty in 2003. Here we report the results of a 5 year follow-up study of PerFix(R) plug hernioplasty. METHODS: From May 2000 to April 2005, 326 PerFix(R) plug repairs were performed. The operation times, lengths of hospital stay, visual analogue pain scales, time of analgesics use and complications and recurrence rates were evaluated prospectively. RESULTS: 326 cases underwent mesh-plug hernioplasties, 285 with inguinal hernias primary, 35 with recurrent hernias and 6 with femoral hernias. 218 and 101 cases were indirect and direct hernias, respectively. The mean age was 59.8 years. The male to female ratio was 289 : 15. Cardiovascular disease is the most common associated disease. The mean operation time was 31 minutes. The mean length of hospital stay was 2.5 days. The mean length of analgesics use, acetaminophen (1T: 300 mg p.o) and Nubaine (5 mg IM), were 1.89 and 0.5, respectively. Seventy-six (23%) cases developed a postoperative complication with urinary retention being the most common. During the follow up period from 12 months to 6 years, the overall recurrence rate was 0.6% (n=2). CONCLUSIONS: Tension-free repair of an inguinal hernia by PerFix(R) plug is a simple and secure method with less pain, quick operation times, short hospital stays, low complication rates and low recurrence rates.

Glinical Trials in Japan and Korea-The Present State and Issues to be Solved- / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

The purpose of this workshop was to discuss on various issues for the development of a protocol for the Ja pan-Korea research collaboration. An important issue is to select/develop the experimental design of the clinical trial for individualized therapy done in Japan and Korea. Randomizedn-of-1 trial and randomization test were proposed as an possible candidate. A pilot study using randomized n-of-1 trial was done using intradermal acupuncture on pollinosis, and the methodological issues on the generalizability of randomized n-of-1 trial and the need of the selection of target disease were discussed. Onthe other hand, the literature survey has shown that the individualized acupuncture therapy is more effective than those of the standardized' fixed acupuncture therapy in usual RCTs. The diagnosis and selection of acupuncture point and method of manipulation were also shown to be an important factor. Further discussions will be required for the development of the adequate protocol for the individualized therapy.

Changes in Thromboelastographic Findings after Bleeding-Induced Hemodilution in Patients Undergoing Radical Hysterectomy / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have produced conflicting results on the influence of hemodilution on the coagulation system. Furthermore, only a few clinical studies have been conducted regarding actual blood loss and associated hemodilution. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in thromboelastograph (TEG) findings after moderate bleeding-induced hemodilution in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy. METHODS: 23 patients scheduled for radical hysterectomy were included. No patient had a preoperative coagulation abnormality or was receiving anticoagulant or antiplatelet medication. TEG findings 15 min after induction of anesthesia and after an estimated blood loss equaling 15% of the estimated blood volume were compared. Only crystalloid solution was administered until the second blood sampling for TEG analysis in order to produce a hemodilution state. RESULTS: After hemodilution R time, K time and coagulation time (r + k) showed significant reductions, and alpha angle and TEG index showed significant increases (P < 0.01), and increased coagulability. MA increased after hemodilution, but this was not statistically significant. A60 and CL60 also increased, showing decreased fibrinolysis (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate bleeding-induced hemodilution increased coagulability according to TEG compared to pre-hemodilution findings. We recommend that the decision to replace coagulation factors and/or platelets should not be based on empirically derived, arbitrary standards.

Review of Pragmatic Clinical Trials on Acupuncture / 全日本鍼灸学会雑誌

[Background] Over the last thirty years, majority of researches on clinical effectiveness of acupuncture have been explanatory (or experimental) randomized controlled trial. The benefits of acupuncture in clinical trials are stillcontroversial and most studies concluded that further control studies were required. Standardized combinations of acupuncture points for all the experimental subjects in various past studies have been criticized because such treatments do not reflect current routine clinical treatment.<BR>[Objective] This paper aims to review pragmatic clinical trials on the effect of acupuncture treatment and to develop the ideal clinical research methodology of acupuncture study.<BR>[Method] Clinical studies of acupuncture relevant with pragmatic or individualized trials were searched mainly in Pubmed and Science direct databases. All articles were fully reviewed by researchers, and data were evaluated by usage of a standardized form.<BR>[Results & Suggestion] Pragmatic acupuncture researches were tried for various symptoms (eg. low back pain, hypertension, depression during pregnancy, sleep quality in HIV disease, chronic poststroke leg spasticity, headache, etc). Individualized acupuncture treatments based on oriental disease pattern diagnosis reflexes practical treatments which is more effective than unified and fixed acupuncture treatments without any theoretical basis of oriental medical philosophy.<BR>[Conclusion] To overcome the controversies and limitations of past explanatory acupuncture trials, more individualized and tailored acupuncture trials with the theoretical basis of oriental medical diagnosis is highly recommended. Also clear definition and categorization of pattern identification should be established for further active clinical researches and applications of acupuncture.

The Effect of Blood Transfusion on the Tissue Perfusion and Lung Injury during Cardiopulmonary Bypass / 대한구급학회지

BACKGROUND: The blood components of priming solution for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may have opposite roles for tissue perfusion, which are the activation of inflammatory reaction and the improvement of oxygen carrying capacity. This study is aimed to investigate the effect of blood transfusion of priming solution on inflammatory response and tissue perfusion. METHODS: Twenty mongrel dogs randomly allocated and received hypothermic CPB with blood- containing (H group, n=10), or non-hemic (NH group, n=10) priming solution. Gastric intramucosal CO2 concentration (PrCO2), intramucosal pH (pHi), interleukin-8 (IL-8), blood gas and hemodynamic parameters were measured at 1) before CPB, 2) 1 hour during CPB, 3) the end of CPB, 4) 2 hours after CPB, 5) 4 hours after CPB. The ratio of wet to dried lung weight was measured. Statistical verification was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and unpaired t-test. RESULTS: PrCO2 increased and pHi decreased during the study without significant difference between the groups. IL-8 increased in both groups and IL-8 of H group increased higher than that of NH group during the study. The difference between PaCO2 and end-tidal CO2 of NH group was higher than that of H group at 4 hours after CPB. The ratio of wet to dried lung weight was not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the allogenic blood in priming solution aggravates the CPB- induced inflammatory reaction, however, the CPB-induced impairment of gastric mucosal perfusion and the pulmonary edema are not significantly affected, compared to non-hemic solution.

Effects of Asymmetrical Weight Bearing during Straight and Circular Walking in Hemiplegic Patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the difference of weight bearing between affected and intact feet during straight or circular walking in hemiplegic patients. METHOD: 16 hemiplegic patients who could walk without assistive devices were included in this study. We used insole foot-pressure system to measure weight bearing ratio of both feet during walking. We assessed walking speed and pressure ratio during straight or circular walking at their comfortable gait speed. RESULT: Pressure ratio of affected foot showed negative correlation with walking time irrespective of walking direction. Pressure ratio of affected foot and walking time during circular walking to the affected side was significantly higher and slower respectively than that to the intact side. CONCLUSION: Asymmetrical weight bearing of both feet during walking is highly correlated with walking ability in hemiplegic patients and pressure ratio of affected foot may be simple and useful determinant of walking ability.

The Significance of Motivation for Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors associated with motivation for rehabilitation in stroke patients and to identify the relationship between their motivation and functional outcome. METHOD: Subjects were 23 stroke patients who admitted to rehabilitation wards. Volitional Questionnaire (VQ) for assessing patients' motivation, personal and environmental variables, modified Barthel index (MBI), Beck depression inventory (BDI), minimental status examination (MMSE) and neurobehavioral cognitive status examination (NCSE), visual reaction time (VRT) and auditory reaction time (ART) were obtained at 1 week after admission, and then MBI was measured again after 4 weeks. RESULTS: VQ score was not related to the personal and environmental variables, but significantly related to BDI, MMSE, NCSE, VRT, ART, follow up score of MBI 4 weeks later and MBI gain. CONCLUSION: Motivation was more associated with neuropsychological status than personal or environmental factors and significant factor of functional outcome. Therefore, physicians and physiotherapists should attempt to promote motivation of their patients during rehabilitation.

Nonrhizomelic Type of Chondrodysplasia Punctata Suspected in the Brothers

Chondrodysplasia punctata is a heterogenous skeletal dysplasia characterized by small focal calcifications in articular and other cartilages in infancy, with subsequent epiphysial dysplasia and associated anomalies of the face, eyes, and skin. Chondrodysplasia punctata is classified with autosomal recessive rhizomelic type, autosomal dominant nonrhizomelic type(Conradi-Hunermann type), and X-linked dominant type. These types have different clinical manifestations respectively. We report cases of autosomal dominant type of chondrodysplasia punctata which occurred in brothers, who were presented with typical face(short collumella leading to depressed tip of the nose), punctate calcification on the lumbar spine, dislocation of right hip, no obvious skin lesions, and atropic optic nerve without cataracts.

A Mesenteric Lymphangioma Causing Billous Vomiting and Bloody Stool in a 3-day-old Infant

Mesenteric lymphangioma, which is rare and often diagnosed incidentally, is a benign tumor in infants and children. Most cases of lymphangioma are in the neck and axilla. About 5% of these lesions are in the mediastinum, mesentery or retroperitoneal region. Although most lymphangioma produce no symptoms, it may present an acute surgical condition suggesting acute intestinal obstruction. We report one case of histologically confirmed mesenteric lymphangioma causing billous vomiting and bloody stool in a 3-day-old infant.

Two Cases of Bart's Syndrome in Mother and Daughter

We experienced two cases of congenital localized skin defect and neonatal onset of relapsing subepidermal blisters associated with minor trauma in a female newborn infant and her mother. The mother of index case showed toe nail dystrophy at delivery of her daughter, but the index case did not reveal nail dystrophy until 14 months of age. The congenital skin defects healed with hypopigment, and mild atrophic scars and relapsing blisters healed without scars in both mother and daughter. These cases were considered as hereditary Bart's syndrome with respects to family history, clinical manifestations and histopathological findings.

Clinical Applications of the Balloon Dilation Technique during the Insertion of the Nasotracheal Tube / 대한마취과학회지

Nasotracheal intubation is often the method of choice in oral or maxillofacial operations. During the insertion of endotracheal tube (ETT) through nostril, a considerable damage can be inflicted on the nasal mucosa by forcing ETT into the nasal cavity, and epistaxis may occur as a result of mucosal damage even when vasoconstrictors, a lubricated tube, and careful manipulation are employed. This study was conducted to observe whether balloon dilation technique(BDT) can help to minimize the expected problems during nasotracheal tube insertion and was to tried to get a data for further studies. In 30 patients in whom the nasotracheal tube was placed, smooth passage into the nasal cavity without using BDT occurred in 9 patients(30.0%). Of 21 patients(70.0%) who were come into the use of BDT when resistance to tube insertion due to anatomical structures of the nasal cavity was encountered, epistaxis was not developed. By the above results, The BDT appers to prevent epistaxis during nasotracheal tube insertion and to make an easy and smooth passage of the tube and then it suggest that the BDT should provide a basic data and an alternative to conventional techniques for a safe and atraumatic nasotracheal intubation.

Induction of preneoplastic lesion in the large intestine of rats by oral administration of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo4,5-bpyridine

No abstract available.

Induction of preneoplastic lesion in the large intestine of rats by oral administration of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo4,5-bpyridine

No abstract available.

Self analysis of external quality control data of Kyungpook National University Hospital / 대한임상병리학회지

No abstract available.

The Aasesament of Contrast Sensitivity by MCT 8000(R) in Normal Eyes and Peeudophakic Eyes

The standard vision test using Snellen acuity is not always an accurate indicat or of functional vision loss. Acuity measures optical blur, but psudophakic eyes frequently do not affect optical blur. Therefore, acuity cannot provide relevant informations on the loss of vision experienced by the patients. Contrast sensitivity, not acuity, has been shown to be effective in determining functional vision loss due to psudophakic eyes. The MCT 8000(R), glare and contrast sensitivity system. was used for measurement of contrast sensitivity in 19 pseudophakic eyes at postoperative 1 month, 18 pseudophakic eyes at post-operative 3 months and 18 normal control eyes. The results were as follows: 1) Contrast sensitivity decreased in pseudophakic eyes compared to normal eyes in four different conditions; day vision, day vision with perpheral glare, night vision and night vision with central glare. 2) In pseudophakic eyes, contrast sensitivity was not different between 1 month and 3 months postoperatively.